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Effect of class IV laser therapy and Pilates exercises on bone density and pain in primary osteoporosis: a randomised controlled trial

E.E.M. Abdelatief, K.A. Fathy
International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 28 (9), 2021

Background/aims
Osteoporosis is a systemic disorder characterised by a decrease in bone quality and density. This causes the bones to become weak and unable to withstand mild stresses, and the associated pain is made worse with activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of class IV laser therapy and Pilates exercises on bone mineral density and pain in patients with primary osteoporosis.